Soil drugs
mineral resources due to excessive and indiscriminate digging of farmland caused by heavy metal pollution has reached alarming proportions
A month is a student at Central University for Nationalities minority Ethnic girl from the old city of Yunnan Province, a village in the Red River state, just a freshman, she was the first village college students, she said: and home, A month emotional complex.
Gejiu known as the one-sixth.
here, all of them closely related with the tin.
A grandfather has been in the tin on the work of 30 years, A month's father was a minor celebrity in local arts craftsmen of tin, A brother in the month of tin crafts to do import and export business, A caress month with her small tin bracelet for 18 years, it has been firmly stuck in Afghanistan on thin wrist.
tin, so that this land became noisy anomaly, widely available to the local villagers dug the tin rich quick, an unmarried daughter who will be encrusted heavy tin ornaments. Locals believe that the gods gave them tin treasures.
but closely linked to the tin, arsenic, the arsenic compound is the main component.
under the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Centre for Environmental Remediation of the open paper shows that in China, associated with arsenic as the tin ore is not high due to the use value of more than 70% have become obsolete in the tail mine. As of 2008, there are at least 1,167,000 tons of arsenic were left behind in the environment, which is equivalent to one million tons of arsenic were scattered in the wilderness, either by rainfall, into the river, infiltrated the soil ... ...
So, this piece of land because of the rich tin also suffered due to arsenic.
A grandfather died in the month of lung cancer caused by arsenic poisoning. A three month old uncle is also a miner, for the same disease has has died, A month later my father left the tin, but has been infected with a severe arsenic poisoning, and even firewood had no strength, and good in school later the point of living skills to maintain their livelihood.
Since then, the Arab League called on the home of There was cancer incidence rates up to 2%, close to 100 times the national average, the average life expectancy of less than 50 years.
90 years since the last century, the central and local governments to come forward to carry out the rectification and governance, all workers must wear gas masks to go down tin. However, has been contaminated land and groundwater is difficult to repair, heavy history and no past, victims not just parents.
A month brother has very poor eyesight, the sun down the mountain to see clearly; A sister who has a touch on the toxic plaque in the village, many young people are thin and weak, often ill ... ...
A home that there are twelve months of acres of land to plant tobacco and persimmon trees can have on a million a year in revenue. persimmon. people choose to leave their homes.
reporter asked A month graduate will return home to work? A month long silence and whispered:
2001, the Guangxi Huanjiang County suffered a hundred years of floods, sudden natural disaster destroyed their homes, however, the pain is greater after the flood.
destroyed by a flood of waste tailings dam upstream, leading to harmful elements in the downstream million acres of farmland exceeded the maximum 246 times the basic agricultural crops, close to the Diao River 100 kilometers of river fish disappeared, Along River All pollution. Until 2004, there are still 60% of barren farmland into desert, Diao River downstream application Hechi mayor enlisted fellow youth for many years, and did not check off a pass.
research experts had estimated, More than a hundred years.
addition to Yunnan, Guangxi, and Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou and other heavy metals in the main producing areas, many mines have been formed around the growing spread of heavy metal pollution.
Land and Natural Resources has said publicly that China's annual 1,200 tons of food was heavy metal pollution, the direct economic loss of more than 200 billion yuan. These more than enough food to feed 4,000 people each year, and similarly, if the grain into the market, the consequences would be disastrous.
cover up
had a practice of land pollution, scientists told a reporter for many years a meaningful story.
to previous years, the scientist was invited to a detection of heavy metal pollution of land, the experimental results came out, scientists were shocked, because this country's leading grain producing areas have been polluted serious enough to raspberry! Scientists monitoring report in person to submit to a senior local official, the official said after a long thought: read the report.
According to the information paper, even the south of Guangdong, Guangxi Nandan, Hunan, Changning, Hunan Changde, Chenzhou, Hunan and other places there are a lot of waste residue of arsenic, lead mining area of crops around the arsenic hundreds of times more than the national standard situation.
Xiangjiang River, a total length 856 km, drainage area 94,600 square kilometers. This irrigation, half of Hunan's
research group also made a heavy metal content of crops, experimental results have shown that, Changsha, Hengyang section of the Xiangjiang River to the coast, vegetables, arsenic, cadmium, nickel, lead and the State material limited These higher than the vegetable. According to scientific experts, as the water adsorption capacity of heavy metals stronger, rice and other heavy metals in paddy crops will be higher.
2008, the Xiangjiang River and heavy metal pollution of soil survey results all came out, but only as a research published in academic journals, and not openly in the community to get enough attention.
news portal, according to the provincial government in 2010, the National Xiangjiang River important project to heavy metal pollution, and in June invested 460 million yuan to build infrastructure, in September the Ministry of the State Environmental Protection fund special projects support,
However, according to research scholars introduced, according to survey papers mentioned in the contaminated area calculation, the Xiangjiang River pollution of heavy metals at least ten years and billions of investment recovery period.
then, these
2010 年 11 months, the reporter called Hunan national food quality monitoring center, taker, said detection of heavy metal content of food equipment and technical personnel requirements are high, currently able to make authoritative testing of the institution that less, they there is no relevant test items, it can not stand.
February 16 this year, reporters once again call the grain and oil quality monitoring stations in Hunan Province, said the station is responsible for personnel, equipment and technology from the level of the station can do in terms of heavy metal content of food-related testing, However, it?
had done many years of deep mining market research researcher at the Institute of Industrial Economics Chinese Academy of Social Luo Zhongwei that since the last century, since the mid-80s, the domestic implementation of the , a fast flow of water
Mining has been lack of concentration exists, the exploitation of backward technology, lack of overall planning of the
It is understood that China has proven mineral reserves, the proportion of deposits associated symbiotic more than 80%, but only 2% of the mines in the comprehensive utilization rate of 70%, 75% of the Mineral Resources utilization rate of less than 2.5%, that is, the vast majority of mine are just a few minerals in order to develop, will be more destruction and waste of mineral resources.
media have reported in Guangxi, Central River, the vast majority are not rock pomp and mine tailings, a large pile of waste rock and tailings on the mountain, which not only occupied the land that can be used, also easy to form a debris flow in the storm comes, the most frightening thing is that the harmful components in the tailings with the rain gradually spread to a larger range of hazards occurring in the moment.
another
old in Yunnan, smelters, electroplating plants are very dense, ore processed here can be worth double for the same time, a large number of slag is produced, abandoned mines and mines in the vicinity.
It is understood that the old factories and mines in Yunnan Tin Zhuye Shan old mining segment, more than ten tons of arsenic slag pile has been exposed for decades in the wilderness, in order to stop the pollution of arsenic residue on farmland, farmers in the arsenic around the slag pile of the
and heavy metal contamination of arsenic residue is only Statistics show that as of 2005, cumulative production of more than 600 million tons of chromium residue, of which only 200 million tons are disposed of,
another source of pollution is the chemical industry effluent.
In addition, farmers who make excessive use of fertilizers is also rapidly climbing the soil heavy metal content.
salvation
Suxian District of Chenzhou City in Hunan Province, Tang Xiang Deng family, green grass covered the entire field, at first glance thought it was blue rice. This has been in serious heavy metal pollution, not farming the land, known as
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Remediation, said Chen Bin, centipede grass absorbed the ability of arsenic in soil is equivalent to 20 times normal plants by adsorption of centipede grass, harvest, three to five years, this land can
Now, the centipede grass has been in Chenzhou, Hunan, Yunnan old, Guangxi Huanjiang took root, especially in Guangxi, Central River, centipede grass planting area has reached 1,000 acres to 2,000 acres, world Arsenic contamination in the largest area of farmland restoration projects.
centipede grass,
in the Northwest, 300 acres of land planted with salt called eliminate K, decomposition of heavy metals in soil.
said Chen Bin, Phytoremediation more natural ecological, economic investment, repair cycle and to avoid secondary pollution, and many other considerations are currently the best choice.
However, the conduct of Phytoremediation is not successful, the Gejiu, for example, the current governance area of less than 100 acres of restoration, and pollution, but in an area of 20 acres or more.
drop in the bucket.
Although Phytoremediation has been very Chen Bin, for example, Guangxi Huanjiang of acres of contaminated land, if all repair, with a total investment of at least a few 10 to 100 million yuan, which is the local finance is not a small number.
Hechi City in Guangxi, centipede grass and mulberry leaves or sugar cane, ramie and other economic crops, intercropping, to repair contaminated land, while farmers have better income.
Chen Bin, but still stressed that not all regions are able to achieve the restoration of economic interests into account, soil remediation, or the need for government guidance and subsidy, otherwise, fix the scale difficult to expand.
In addition, the seed breeding is not easy. Currently found in hyperaccumulators are usually wild plants, the seed breeding there is a big technical difficulty, the more difficult to achieve large-scale seed, it is to use today and then transplanted to the breeding shed restoration area approach, which will undoubtedly increase the cost and operational difficulty.
Moreover, similar to the arsenic hyperaccumulator P. vittata plants are mostly concentrated in the south of the Huaihe River, which is rarely found north of the Huaihe River, which makes the scope of Phytoremediation greatly limited.
for the local villagers, the most painful is the repair cycle of three to five years is too long, they can not keep farming plots in the next, but wait, they do nothing.
more harsh reality is that many contaminated areas can not wait to use phytoremediation method, and the choice of the
to spend hundreds of million, and contaminated soil still exists, and even continue to expand. However, because the fix is simple and takes less time, this harm than the method is widely used.
Solution
Bin Chen has also been recognized with the management of mining legislation is relatively weak, multi-intervention, the government is leading many departments rights, responsibilities vested in the important reasons unclear; Secondly, there is no unified China mining management system. On the management side, our centrally based, supplemented by local rights and interests. However, the central and local levels of government focus on the resources of different interests in different choice,
Luo Zhongwei that local government should cancel the mining right of approval, shares of the local government banned mining companies, mining interests to establish coordination mechanisms.
In addition, in the mining supervision, Luo Zhongwei suggested the government set up a special department to supervise the mining industry is imminent.
not difficult to break the deadlock.
published in 2010, shortly before the special action of the national environmental protection results, as at 30 September, a total of 11,510 enterprises investigation of heavy metal emissions, closed down 584, in 14 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) to determine 148 heavy metal key regulatory regions, 19 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) to determine the 1149 key regulatory enterprise, its remediation efforts and regulatory effects are unprecedented.
2011, the Ministry of Environmental Protection led by the Established by the state,
everyone is looking forward to, the trapping of the land, trapping the lives of all mankind in the soil surrounding a deadlock to seek a policy to the real crack. (Times Online)
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