Cotton

 1, cotton insect resistance management of the general method
2, cotton, and which of the basic growth process
3, the germination rate of decline in the face of cotton this spring to ensure that all cotton seedlings
4, wheat farming to intercropping Promotion of early cotton
5, Cotton Cultivation Techniques
6, Introduction to China's major cotton varieties
7, integrated control of cotton pests
8, how to improve the quality of cotton picking
9, replant replant cotton disaster measures
10, post-disaster stress of cotton cultivation techniques
11, after flood management techniques of cotton
12, whitefly overview
13, the Yellow River cotton cotton spring wheat What is the prominent problems existing
14, pick cotton bud early stimulation technique
15, wheat sowing of cotton is dry sub-well, or wet sub-sowing good
16, how to determine the suitability of cotton sowing time, sowing rate and sowing methods
17, How to Do the work of saline Seedlings planted cotton
18, how mature boll
19, of cotton spider mites
20, the reasons for resistance to pests
Cotton insect resistance management
general approach in general, pest resistance has not yet formed in the early stages of development or resistance (such as the introduction of new varieties of pesticides), the use of preventive strategies more appropriate treatment, and calmly take the initiative, Just follow the scientific principles of restraint, there are plans in the Integrated Pest Management in the use of pesticides can be. Once the pest resistance to insecticides was on the formation of a widely spread, the treatment strategy should be based, prevention strategies supplemented by the policy. This is because the resistance, once produced, asking people to only focus on governance to the existing resistance, but also anticipate possible resistance to pests, and take the necessary protective measures to prevent the possibility of this new the formation of resistance. This process must in fact run through the integrated control of insect resistant cotton has always been.
short, a major cotton pest resistance management are included in the comprehensive prevention and control content of the general measures, the resistance Governance is a certain resistance to the sense of the integrated control of cotton pests, it is more focus and emphasis on scientific and rational use of pesticides, chemical control with emphasis on agricultural measures, biological control, ecology and other means of inhibiting the coordination and cooperation.
Cotton What are a few basic reproductive process, cotton
basic reproductive process: seedling, bud, boll maturation period and boll opening of cotton bolls.
seed sprouting seedling stage is the emergence (roughly 50% of the seedling leaves flat subject to change) after the start budding. seedling cotyledon and young stem after growing up, the terminal bud between the two cotyledons continue to grow and differentiate to form up the stem, leaf and axillary bud .1 to 3 true leaves, the cotyledons assimilation of material transported to the root of many, but also transported to the growing point and young leaves after .3 true leaves, generally higher temperatures, development of young stem thick, began to lignification, leaf number increased synthesis increase in seedling period, especially in the three true leaves before the protection of leaves (including cotyledons and leaves) from damage to the promotion of underground and aboveground seedling growth of a very important role.
the growth of cotton seedlings and the temperature most closely. The first true leaf appears, generally every 2 to 6 days to emergence of a true leaf, high temperature, the time interval is short, long and vice versa. In intercropping cotton, due to crop intercropping shade, light enough low temperature, weak seedlings will delay the birth.
cotton bud to flowering period of time known as the bud stage. the general maturing varieties in upland cotton bud about 25 to 30 days. squaring cotton into vegetative growth and after reproductive growth period of times, but still the main vegetative growth. At this time the rapid growth of stems, leaf area expansion, roots continue to develop and assimilation of leaf and root absorption capacity is strong. This growth has gradually accelerated during the main stem , Sheng is a cotton bud to early flowering stage of the growth peak in life, but if too much fertilizer, the main stem growing too fast, there will be soaring. Cotton squaring the optimum temperature for 25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃. bud stage, management should be fertilizer as the center, rational use of technology to promote and control measures. good cotton and fertilizer conditions. should be to control the main control in promoting. Zeyi promoting dry land in the thin thin-based, a promotion in the end.
cotton from flowering to the boll boll opening period as during the blooming period, which lasted about 45 to 50 days. during the blooming period can be divided into early flowering stage and flowering stage. experience lasted about 15 days early, when vegetative growth and reproductive growth go hand in hand, the cotton Health and the fastest time in life. into full bloom boll of the cotton vegetative growth, gradually turn slow the growth of reproductive advantage, the distribution of nutrients to supply the boll development turn-based, this period of growth decline at the main stem, bud speed slowed down, turned to enhance the main bell.
cotton boll in the flower of temperature, light, fertilizer, water and air requirements are high, the temperature of 25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ as appropriate, required adequate light, water and fertilizer needs of large, also requires good soil aeration. the cotton boll stage management should focus on fertilizer as the center, supported by cultivators earth, and training and the use of growth regulating agents.
starting from the cotton boll boll opening to ripe boll opening is completed, is the mature boll opening of cotton bolls. At this point, cotton growth to taper off significantly reduce demand for fertilizer. In sufficient light, proper temperature and low humidity, a large number of boll experience volume increased to reach a full and dehydration within the mature boll opening process, while the fiber is gradually developing cotton bolls to mature fibers. It is mainly during the field management for the mature cotton boll opening, combined with removal of mature cotton bolls to reduce Black bell.
down the face of how to ensure that cotton germination all seedlings of cotton this spring, a long rainy
few photos of last year the special climatic conditions, resulting in most of the Liang Fan Zone cotton maturity, full of difference, so that germination rate. According to the survey, the current market rate of the sales of cotton seed germination was significantly lower than in previous years, a considerable part of the germination rate is only about 50%. Therefore, how to take effective measures to ensure a broadcast all seedlings, planting of cotton this spring, faced with a important issues. The author describes the following techniques in this for the majority of cotton growers reference.

buy seeds for good seed to buy high-quality seed is to protect the seedling rate, Qi Miao, Miao full, a prerequisite for strong seedling . Therefore, to buy big business production and management, packaging specifications, maturity and full of good, the germination rate of seeds, and small businesses to avoid the choice of packaging production and operation of non-standard, broken rate, low rate of health seeds, germination low seed, reducing the probability of being counterfeit seed damage.
Yaojibanzhong species of the cotton fly larvae in soil and seedling blight, anthracnose, red rot pathogen and other hazards, easily lead to bad types , bud rot, which affects the cotton seed germination rate, so the cotton to chemical treatments to combat pests and diseases, improve the rate of emergence of an important way to cotton and measures. for failure to conduct Yaojibanzhong coated cotton. can account for the amount of seed 0.5% Carbendazim 50% WP, 30% of the total seedlings or seeds of fungi enemy WP 50% 0.6% thiophanate-methyl WP and seeds accounted for 0.8% of the amount of 75% or 40% 3911EC methylisothiourea P EC hybrid seed dressing, seed per 100 kg of water 2 to 3 kg.
Shaizhong before planting, choose the fine weather, the cotton share of broken bags of 2 to 3 days of drying, can effectively promote the cotton seed after-ripening, kill the bacteria brought the seed to improve the cotton seedling emergence.

use of land for cotton and cereal crop rotation crop rotation land, improves soil structure, reduce the incidence of cotton seedling diseases and improve the germination rate. Therefore, selected sites in cotton, the best choice of habitat is not planted or crop rotation of cotton land, years of continuous cropping of the land to cotton production to avoid.
leveling of the land identified in cotton from 25 to 30 cm deep plowing to reduce surface of pathogens, which will help emergence. advance irrigation, so as to avoid casting too late, causing the soil too wet,UGGs, low ground temperature is not conducive to emergence. harrow soil preparation before sowing, to reach the entropy , P, K ratio, Dorsch P, K fertilizer.
open field with film mulching planting technology, heavy rainstorm could top seed soil compaction, germ difficult to penetrate, thus affecting the rate of emergence. The increase in temperature covered with plastic film to maintain soil moisture, prevent storm damage and other effects, therefore, should be vigorously promoted and application of plastic film covering technology.
Science Sowing Sowing
too much emphasis on the production of early sowing, the average temperature ranging from stable at 10 ~ 12 ℃ Planting too early will result in up to above 12 ℃, then laying seed. South Area of the relevance of planting perennial laying period is April 20th ~ April 30th, this year may be appropriate to postpone the sowing time, rests in the April 25 ~ April 30 focus on planting, to promote faster seed germination, seedling emergence of Qi.
increase the seeding rate of cotton this year and widespread problem of low germination rate, therefore, necessary to increase seeding rate to ensure the emergence of the total. generally based on more than 50 normal years % to 100% of the amount is appropriate to use species that acres planted this year, the amount is generally 1.5 to 2 kg.
absorbent cotton seed sowing depth difficult to fit, top soil weak. planting too deep, the germ layer difficult to penetrate; too shallow, seeds exposed to the soil surface or soil around the seed dry quickly, so that seed germination is not absorbing enough water needed will affect the germination and emergence of cotton. Therefore, cotton sowing depth should be appropriate, mulching to 2 3 cm is appropriate.
how to promote cotton farming wheat intercropping early-onset
wheat intercropping cotton farming is the biggest problem there late, because late to bring low yields, poor quality. Therefore, to obtain high-yielding wheat intercropping farming, cultivating seedlings, and promote the importance of early-onset premature to be a good grasp of key measures.
(1) the types of supporting double cropping wheat and cotton varieties, before the selection of resistance to late sowing, early maturity, dwarf, high yield, high quality and the resistance of local wheat varieties. Yangtze River cotton reasonable arrangements to pay attention to wheat, barley, rape, and the proportion of beans and other crops for rotation Huancha, integrated land and support to achieve high and stable yield of grain and cotton; the Yellow River cotton area suitable for the development of double cropping wheat and cotton areas to pay attention with a strong spring wheat varieties to meet some of the needs of late-maturing cotton species of wheat. different spring cotton significantly different temperature requirements, the need to use the appropriate matching species. from the time The analysis of production conditions and production levels, should be selected by the state approved regional test of varieties of high yield, high quality, strong resistance in the early varieties and quality seeds, such as CCRI 17, CCRI 19, CCRI 23.
(2) the use of best planting according to local conditions. OK Wheat and Cotton manner fertilizer according to local conditions, management and labor conditions are conducive to play from the side of the line strengths of two crops, yield two crops a double departure, according to local conditions The best way to use intercropping. Yangtze River cotton-wheat (oil) Cotton in many ways, single cotton intercropping cotton line should be set aside not less than 40 cm, double-cotton intercropping cotton line width of the reserve should be 80 cm above. Wheat and Cotton in the Yellow River cotton-growing areas there are four main ways, namely, type 3 to 2, 4-2-type, 6-2 type, 3-1 type, and so, according to different conditions and without fertilizer requirements of wheat and cotton production suit the use. Either way, way, wheat and cotton spacing should be maintained at 30 cm. Wheat and Cotton to be planted with low ridge, cotton seed in High Ridge, wheat planted in the furrow to facilitate irrigation of wheat, wheat and cotton in favor reduce wheat during symbiotic shade on cotton to improve seedling light and temperature conditions.
(3) the implementation of said plant nursery, mulching. cotton seedling wheat line sets the implementation of plastic film or the use of plastic film mulching planting, to overcome intercropping cotton is easy Seedlings Deficiency, weak seedling delayed is an effective measure conducive to shorten the symbiosis of wheat and cotton, but also ensures that all cotton seedlings, and promote seedling early-onset, so that growth of 8 to 15 days in advance, rate before frost than conventional cotton intercropping increased by 10% to 20%, lint yield 20% ~ 40%.
(4) strengthen the management of wheat and cotton symbiotic period, strengthening the management of wheat and cotton during symbiosis is to win intercropping cotton yield the important part. Yellow River cotton into mid-May after heading in wheat during grain filling, high temperature, the peak of wheat water consumption, such as irrigation is not timely, lower grain weight, plant seedlings are vulnerable to seriously affect the growth, and even lead to Simiao, during which soil moisture content of cotton line should be maintained at above 15% is appropriate. Yangtze River cotton, during the rains, to advance to clear the drains, Underground Drainage ditch clearance in time, reduce the water table . appropriate early topdressing Miaofei, a significant increase yield.
Cotton Cultivation Techniques
one
seedbed fertility before the beginning of spring, according to an acre of cotton to 40m2 bed, turning aside to dig soil seedbed, Mushi 5 kg of superphosphate, urea, 0.5-1 kg, 250 kg less Tu Zafei into the surface soil, the water splashed Xifen 6-8 dan, let decomposition. In the cotton fields to promote wheat - Vegetable - Cotton - flowers (peanuts ) - Vegetable (Qiucai) or wheat - Vegetable - Cotton - melon (vegetable) cooked 5-6 for the four intercropping patterns.
II
early sowing seeds of high quality, high-yielding hybrid cotton VH3, Sichuan Cotton 45, No. Shu cotton, 109 cotton, Sichuan, Sichuan 56 other varieties of cotton, in March, the end of the temperature rose to 13.2 ℃ insulation film when breeding, the end of the end of March. strictly selected before sowing seeds, Shaizhong 1 - 2 days, broadcasting and more effective when soaking cotton germination soaking, cooling and half a day, or boxes for each multicast group pier fertilizer 1-2 seeds, fine soil evenly cover, bagging tectorial membrane, surrounded by seals, insulation moisture. Cotton After a homogeneous seedlings, seedbed should be strictly controlled temperature and humidity, at exposing the night cap, gradually hardening, pay attention to humidity and to maintain Chuangtu skin pale, moist soil. 7-8 days before transplanting, with the EC or Ju Ma omethoate control aphids, red spider and thrips and other pests, plus a small amount of urea with a light topdressing manure weak seedlings, the implementation of the heel in a crowded Sanae Dunmiao, cultivating robust dwarf seedlings.
three film culture
bent leaf starts as one transplanted from leaves, and a dam line platform acres planted 3300-3500, two, three acres of planted land lines 3500-4000, finished planting the end of April. fine soil preparation before planting, the car in the open Goushen base fertilizer applied, low-convex to appear before the car back type of tile. Zaimiao election sunny, large, and not Hunzai Transplanting seedlings, Block, water, fertilizer, Block, Block, planting drugs. good soil moisture in time for removing film, rolling around Yan maintain the membrane surface clean, do not leak Gaiyan stretch.
four of the transfer of control of chemical regulation
to full implementation of the control, to prevent the cotton plant leggy, coordinating nutrient transport, create high-yield group ideal plant type. according to cotton growing in the bud stage,bailey UGG boots, flowering and flowering were sprayed explosive rapid spraying cotton at the top, do not spray spray seedlings of seedlings; early flowering mu DPC should be 2.5-3 grams, 兑水 50-60 kg, spraying cotton top and lateral branches; explosion reduced flowering should be mu Section 3-4 grams Amine, 兑水 60-80 kg, whole plant spray to control the growth of the top branches and buds. in cotton seedling and flower age, according to growing cotton, fertilizer, a, Central and Taiwan should remain fruit-bit section 3-4, the upper section of table spaces should be left fruit 3, the top three should be played under the late or non-cotton growing beside the point to play to ensure that 10-12 per plant of Taiwan Taiwan, mu 4-5 million units of Taiwan, leaving acres of fruit section of about 150,000, may be appropriate to increase the yield of cotton in Taiwan, the number of bits and fruit section.
five scientific application of fertilizers with organic manure-based fertilizer
take a bottom Two additional foliage top dressing mode to fat transfer. heavy base fertilizer applied, soil preparation when Mushi Tu Zafei 1000-1500 kg, 30-40 kg of dry oil, 60 kg of cotton bio-organic fertilizer, fertilizer can be applied without the other 40-50 kg of superphosphate, plant ash and 20-30 kg 80-100 kg or potassium chloride, mixed after the 5-7 days before transplanting into the car in the opening of Summer; transplanting 3-4 kg urea mu ,UGG boots, 50-60 Tam irrigation water and fertilizer Waterloo, enough manure given root. timely fertilization, the first top dressing when the cotton flower see (that is Tai Wo fat), normal rainfall should be removing film fertilization, in case of drought can be temporarily removing film , separated in the membrane side of the line facilities into the nest opening, Mushi Tuza Fei 800-1000 kg, 30-40 kg of dry oil, water and fertilizer Tam 50-60, base fertilizer is not applied to cotton, organic fertilizer of urea Muzeng 10 - 13 kg, 50 kg of ash or 5-8 kilograms of potassium chloride, applied promptly after the earth on the car. The second top-dressing (ie, flowering and boll fat) 1-2 in a hard peach cotton when, Mushi urea 10 - 15 kg, 30-40 Tam .8 fertilizer in mid and late, depending on seedlings with 1-2% urea solution and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution for 2-3 times foliage top dressing, so August is not turned yellow. cotton flower and boll stage water demand large, were often late summer hazard, it is timely irrigation and drought prevention. Shih Tai Wo fat drains when good management, popcorn cotton should be divisible by weeds, increase cotton lower light, lower humidity field to facilitate drainage prevent stains.
six, integrated control of cotton pest
desirable growth stage in mid-May, respectively, end in mid-late June, the beginning of the end of June early July,UGG shoes, three times, respectively, 1.8% mu ; Ai Fuding , Miridae, diamond and cotton bollworm; cotton growth in the late mid-July, respectively, should be the end of the beginning of the end of the end of July early August, two hours, 37.5%, respectively, mu, 50-ml 60 ml, 40-50 kg, 50-all exchange water 60 kg, the constant spray leaves and tender tips, special focus on the cotton bollworm, pink bollworm, Kaneharu V aphids, plant bugs, diamond; cotton growth late appropriate for mid-August, with 37.5% pink bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, to rid of insects and leaf insects bridge.
seven, do a good job in five to achieve high yield income
whole cotton picking to do overnight, cracks in time to pick, pick any spades, back Home compiled string, hanging drying anti-mildew, and be sub-mining, sub drying, sorting, sub-storage, sub-sale and improve the level of cotton to increase the output efficiency.

integrated control of cotton pests in one aphid control techniques
1, Tu stem method: selection of seedling cotton aphid spot film occurred 40% or 50% monocrotophos omethoate EC, dubbed by 1:5-10 doubly liquid water, applied in the cotton stem red and green at the side of the coated length of 2-5 cm, may not ring coating.
2, dim sum method: Use omethoate or monocrotophos, dubbed 1:200 times the liquid in the seedling growth per plant 2-3 drops of liquid on the drop point. Methods: a manual knapsack sprayer to remove the nozzle vane, 3 layers with gauze bandage, liquid medicine chest will add a third switch unscrew, liquid droplets out of can.
leaf aphid damage rate of 5%, the coated stem, drop the Heart for combat.
3, wash the mixture of urine: use of urea, detergent (neutral), water ratio of 1:1 : 100 ratio of preparation, stir after spraying. requirements of both sides of the cotton leaves should be sprayed evenly and thoughtful.
4, pharmacy pick rule: heavy aphid damage, the choice of 40% or 50% Omethoate 1500-2000 times the efficiency for a long time spot film emulsion spray to prevent large-scale spraying of pesticides to protect the natural enemies, non-abuse, indiscriminate use of pesticides, spraying ban carbofuran, 3911 and other highly toxic pesticides, attention to medication safety, to prevent livestock poisoning. < br> 5, yellow sticky trap aphids: the use of aphids becoming yellow in the cotton fields outside (on horseback) placed yellow sticky trap and kill the winged aphids. Methods: 50 * 30 cm yellow cardboard jacket transparent plastic, coated butter.
6, covert spraying: a heavier cotton aphid occurred, topping the water before the 3% carbofuran of Summer 2-3 kg / mu, or 15% of the iron aldicarb (aldicarb) 350 g / mu. requires trenching and the cotton plant 10-15 cm apart, Goushen 10 cm cover soil water after application.
7, toxic soil fumigation: cotton growth in the late leaf reached 10-15% of strains , mu 80% dichlorvos EC 200 ml, diluted with 4 kg of water competition, together with 20 kg of fine sand mix, in the early and late cotton thrown into the ditch along.
Second, the cotton bollworm control techniques
1, trap corn chemical control: beating heart leaves off every morning or in the loudspeaker moth mouth or put phoxim carbofuran, monocrotophos spraying.
2, Young twigs to lure moths: biennial selection, leaves more 10-15 branches of poplar branches, about 65-70 cm, after drying and bind them in a bouquet of wilting (under the tight loose), down slightly tied the Ministry of wood into the soil on the vertical line at the cotton, the height greater than cotton strains of 15-30 cm, 6-8 per acre to insert a day off at dawn bagging moth, or sprayer (built-in water) to wet the YANG Zhi, the vibration off the moth eradication. 5-10 justice for every one. < br> 3, moth sex pheromone trap: plug hanging a cotton per acre. METHODS: Helicoverpa armigera sex pheromone to wear with thin wire, hanging basin, the lure away from the surface 1-1.5 cm (more than 2 meters is not valid ), with the old legislation to the field of soil bags of urea, urea basin on the loaded bags of soil, 20-30 cm above the cotton plant (with the cotton plant growth, constantly replenishing the soil with an increasing bag). during the day can be hard cardboard and other items to cover the basin to reduce water evaporation, and improve the sex pheromone of the moth trap quality. water decrease, in the evening, add water to water level. every 10-15 days to replace a lure.
sex pheromone trapping agent control, in order to focus on large contiguous area of application, to receive good results.
4, black light trapping. cotton black light trapping within the settlement.
6, strengthen field management: in-time control, to prevent Cotton leggy, increased phosphorus, potassium, control late cotton irrigation, can reduce the bollworm eggs. early pruning topping, lay the top, out of fields outside the deep, can be taken away geographic fields, the amount of down Occurrence.
III, cotton spider mite (red spider) in the prevention and control:
use against heavy cotton Propargite, sweep net mite, mite grams, 1500-2000 acaricides dicofol and other special times, pick the spot film governance or control the whole field can control the spread of damage.

how to improve the quality of cotton picking a timely pick.
cotton boll opening, the generally every 5-7 days once picked. If picked too early, not yet fully mature cotton fiber yield and quality reduction; picked too late, batting through wind and sun, will reduce the fiber tension, color contamination, can also reduce the quality of cotton, so cotton boll opening stage, to receive timely precision smaller and improve the cotton fiber quality and grade.
Second, to prevent rain.
mature cotton case of rain, cotton shell, cotton leaves, including leaf color will be contaminated cotton fiber, the white cotton fibers appear yellow shade, overcast red, gray spots and so on. If you are experiencing continuous rain, it will result in rotten bad. So, to keep abreast of weather changes, pay attention to weather forecast, grab the pick cotton before rain.
Third, do a good job, ;.
when picking cotton, we should take a good, stiff flap cotton, cotton floor picking apart, separated from the sun, separated from the receipt and can not be mixed together in order to grade the sale. in drying the cotton, the bogey ground and drying in cement I took the sun, the application breathable bamboo curtain, bamboo fence at a good level of separation Fanshai NAO to ensure the grade of cotton.
four, spraying ripening.
cotton boll opening later, with the basic maturity of pesticides on blue bell the ripening, it closed early flowers, autumn can not only reduce the hazards, increase the quality of cotton by more than two, but also pull stalk 5-7 days in advance, favorable spring crop planting. The ripening is: application time, to master Most of the late cotton bolls grow to more than 40 days, cotton fiber has been basically mature, daily maximum temperature above 20 ℃ for. otherwise it will result in decreased fiber quality, effectiveness of spraying. application of pesticides, cotton per acre with 40% ethylene 150 grams, 兑水 60 kg, or 20% 125-150 ml grams without a trace agent, 兑水 25-30 kg, full uniform mixing, spraying the cotton foliage and in the upper blue bell, the spray drugs once. generally three days after spraying the leaves began to dry off, blue water loss gradually began to boll opening bell. It should be noted that the sunny days without rain to choose from 10 am to 2 pm spraying, after spraying the rain To re-sprayed again. reproduce the cotton seed fields prohibit the use of drugs ripening. ripening of cottonseed used drugs can not be reserved for breeding.
post-disaster measures
cotton replant replant cotton mainly by the floods: One root damage. taproot and lateral yellow, apical Shui Zizhuang. Second, defoliation off bell. in the water layer in the rotting leaves, bell flower buds off. Generally speaking, Shoulao cotton more than 10 days strains is very unlikely to survive; whole plant flooded cotton, short period of time is still a certain vitality, but more than 3 days, cotton basic death. to determine criteria for the death of Cotton: 90% root rot yellow yellow parietal death. Cotton replant replant the standards are: cotton there remain less than 300 of switching to cotton, more than 300 of the intercropping. intercropping changed the basic principles are: efficiency as the first, does not affect the autumn. < br> 1, switching to technology. Cotton switching to the full, recommended to autumn ripening corn-based, intercropping green leafy vegetables. maize variety selection in early maturing variety, suitable July 20 planting, after planting should be eating fresh corn based. intercropping of vegetables should use a shorter growth period of fast-growing varieties of vegetables after the harvest of corn harvesting season, does not affect the autumn.
2, intercropping technology. disaster scarce after the cotton plants interplanted cotton fields should be shorter , a short growth period of mung bean. mung bean should grab early sowing, rational close planting, ripening agents when necessary. To allow time to Xiacha crop stubble to reduce losses and ensure high yield harvest.
post-disaster stress of cotton cultivation techniques
after the normal function of the cotton Shoulao blocked, inhibited the growth of various organs in the morphological characteristics, growth, yield characters and other aspects of a series of changes, post-disaster stress cultivation techniques is essential. combined with cotton growing ability of self-compensation scalability, disaster cotton should take the following 15-character principle cultivation measures to withstand adversity: ditch water level, with emphasis on cotton within the three-channel dredging to deepen. low-lying areas in areas of high river water levels to be spot Jidian drainage, to accelerate the speed and reduce the cotton groundwater drainage. The work should be completed in a plum, plum to prevent high temperature after humidity of root.
2, early tillage. waterlogging after the soil compaction, permeability can be poor, to be sure the water 7-8 days after the assault tillage farmers organizations, to improve the permeability of soil temperature in cotton field performance, speed up the cotton growth recovery.
3, heavy fertilization. in the inundated elimination of cotton wilt, root uptake capacity began to recover after the resumption of fertilizer application in time, increase the amount of fertilization, and promote fast onslaught into the cotton growing section as soon as possible flower buds by the peak of bolls. general application of nitrogen plots could be 5-8 kg (25-40 kg that standard fertilizer), fertilizer types: the urea or ammonium bicarbonate-based, with Shi Jiafei, organic fertilizer, to promote application cotton special compound fertilizer; application methods: open pond deep application, reduce waste, improve fertilizer use efficiency.
4, later topping. Inundation of the cotton plant after the resumption of growth, growth of the delay, postpone it should be an appropriate top to delayed 6-7 days than usual topping more appropriate, take advantage of post-disaster cotton growth advantage and increase fruit branch multi-junction peach.
5, strong pruning. Inundation of cotton after the drainage, the recovery growth period, following the original fruit branch Section latent leaf buds develop into leafy shoots the state, while the main stem fruit latent buds on the branches section also grow into larger buds, in order to reduce the unnecessary consumption of organic nutrients to ensure adequate post-boll nutrient base must strengthen the pruning After working
flood management techniques of cotton
the current disaster is divided into two categories: serious Shoulao cotton. this type of cotton because of high water level in rivers and lakes, water is temporarily unable to discharge, is expected to soak the cotton but also in the water 10 -15 days. such cotton to consider switching to other crops. Second, the general Shoulao cotton. Such cotton mainly by the this kind of cotton to strengthen field management and efforts to the impact of flooding on cotton and reduce to a minimum. The technical measures are the following aspects:
1, improve cotton field drainage, pay close attention to cultivators. cultivator should be used as drainage and The main measure. we must concentrate on opening the to increase the permeability of the soil, reduce humidity, increase temperature, reduce the consumption of nutrients is not valid, promote root under the bar.
2, flowering and boll weight applied fertilizer. As floods, generally do not cotton boll topdressing fertilizer. At present Cotton has started into the flowering stage. during the blooming period is to determine the critical period cotton production, cotton is the most productive life period to be fertilizer, top dressing fertilizer is particularly important bell flowers. flower bell general of the total amount of fertilizer top dressing fertilizer for more than half, the quick result of adding the appropriate P and K fertilizer, fertilizer is not applied in the pre-bud to add a certain amount of organic fertilizer. usually 15-20 kg urea per mu, cake 25-30 kg, 10 kg of potash, mixed with full break uniform, with the line between the opening of Summer under the cultivator.
3, to prevent the late summer. Anhui Province, is generally the rainy weather since the end of summer drought on the face. at the moment is at a critical period of cotton boll flowering, the case of late summer cotton bud, boll shedding will increase, the yield of cotton will result in the loss. So during the summer drought, the work to improve the irrigation of cotton. to furrow irrigation, not to flood irrigation.
4, Pusch roof fat. cover the top of the general use of available fertilizer of fertilizer. about 7 kg of urea per acre. application time and amount of fertilizer applied to a flower bell looks after the growing of cotton, are generally applied before and after the beginning of autumn under the appropriate. Huaibei cotton may be earlier, cotton can be along later .
5, pay attention to pest and disease control. wilt of cotton are the major diseases and verticillium wilt. 23-28 ℃ temperature rise to the formation of peak incidence, especially in the rainy summer, when the case incidence of Verticillium wilt is more serious. If found brown cotton wilt disease, one cotton sporadic disease, the disease with the government poured out seedling wilt. Second, the use of chloropicrin, dibromoethane for soil fumigation.
current major pest of cotton has bollworm, cotton spider mites and so on. Willow Patterns can be taken to trap and kill cotton bollworm; sprayed cotton DPC fertility regulation in order to reduce the amount of bollworm eggs fall. the second generation cotton bollworm to biological control, three, four generations of cotton bollworm to chemical control. the weather is cotton spider mites The main conditions occurred, high drought, no rain, cotton spider mites explosive. Propargite available, such sweeping net mite spray.
6, Chemical Control. Cotton Cotton implementation of the control body can regulate endogenous hormone systems, Induction of different growth stages of organ development and improvement of cotton physiological functions. seedling applications can improve the content of the cotton cytokinin and auxin induction of lateral roots and promote root completed. Lei Zhuang flowering plants in applications to build the line, optimization crown layer structure, adjust the nutrient distribution, enhanced root activity, simplified medium pruning to promote the early boll and boll development. after topping can be applied by end-volt peach, peach early autumn to increase boll weight, to prevent corrupt late Qing and simplify post-pruning. Cotton Spray a small amount of DPC amine Benzhe many, generally mastered by the principle of 1,2,3, that is 667 square meters Lei Effects of each 1 gram of spray, the early flowering stage 2 grams, 3 grams after topping. The actual amount of the field according to the specific block level of fertility, the size of the density, the year of drought and flood, the strength of growing flexibility. In case of rain after spraying, to make up spray, but the amount by half.
7, to prevent premature aging and timely harvest. cotton against premature aging The main measures are mainly nitrogen fertilizer and potash fertilizer. with 2% urea, or potassium dihydrogen phosphate spray 2-3 times.